OECD Pillar Two Implementation Tracker
Which countries have legislated the 15% global minimum tax (GloBE rules), and when each rule comes into force. Limited to the 46 jurisdictions in the TaxAtlas dataset; status verified against PwC, KPMG, EY, and government sources in June 2026.
The three Pillar Two rules
- QDMTT — Qualified Domestic Minimum Top-up Tax
- The country tops up its own in-scope resident entities to a 15% effective tax rate. Tax revenue stays in the country rather than being collected by a parent jurisdiction’s IIR.
- IIR — Income Inclusion Rule
- The parent jurisdiction taxes any foreign subsidiary that is below 15%. Functions as an extraterritorial top-up.
- UTPR — Undertaxed Profit Rule
- Backstop: where neither the source country nor any parent applies a top-up, other jurisdictions can deny deductions to bring the group to 15%.
Jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction status
Sorted: live first, then announced, deferred, no-implementation, alphabetical within each group.
What this means in practice
- If you’re an individual / small business: you are out of scope. Pillar Two only applies to MNE groups above the €750M consolidated revenue threshold. Headline rates on country pages still apply.
- If you’re a large MNE planning incorporation: the historical 0% headline-rate advantage of jurisdictions like the UAE, Cayman, BVI, Bermuda, and the Crown Dependencies has narrowed materially. All of those now have a 15% top-up that bites in-scope entities. The decision factor shifts from headline rate to substance requirements, treaty network, and operational ergonomics.
- If you’re evaluating EU low-rate jurisdictions: Cyprus, Bulgaria, Hungary all have IIR/UTPR live but their non-Pillar-Two headline rates (15%, 10%, 9% respectively) still apply to companies under the €750M threshold. The bigger story is QDMTT — if the country tops up locally, the parent IIR can’t collect it. See the Cyprus 2026 tax reform deep dive for the most consequential EU change of this decade.
- US-parented groups: the US has not enacted GloBE rules. GILTI remains the relevant US-specific minimum-tax mechanism. US parents may still face foreign UTPR exposure on subsidiaries in jurisdictions that have implemented it.
Pillar Two: frequently asked questions
How many countries have implemented Pillar Two?
Of the 46 jurisdictions Tax Atlas tracks, 27 have Pillar Two rules in force, 0 have some rules only, 2 have legislated or announced rules that are not yet effective, 2 are using a deferral, and 15 have no implementation. Status was verified against PwC, KPMG, EY and government sources.
Which zero-tax jurisdictions now apply a 15% minimum tax?
In the Tax Atlas dataset, Bahrain, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey keep a 0% headline corporate rate but have a domestic minimum top-up tax (QDMTT). For groups above the €750M threshold, profits there are topped up to a 15% effective rate. Companies below the threshold still pay the headline rate.
Does Pillar Two apply to individuals or small companies?
No. Pillar Two only applies to multinational groups with consolidated annual revenue of at least €750 million in two of the four preceding years. Individuals, freelancers and smaller companies are out of scope, so the headline personal and corporate rates on the country pages still apply to them.
Does Pillar Two apply to US-parented groups?
Partly. On 5 January 2026 the OECD released a Side-by-Side safe harbour that lets groups whose ultimate parent is in a jurisdiction with a qualified side-by-side regime (the United States) elect zero top-up tax under the IIR and UTPR, for fiscal years starting on or after 1 January 2026. A QDMTT still applies to their subsidiaries in jurisdictions that have one.
What is the difference between QDMTT, IIR and UTPR?
A QDMTT lets a country top up its own resident entities to 15%, so it keeps the revenue. The IIR lets the parent company's country tax foreign subsidiaries taxed below 15%. The UTPR is a backstop that lets other countries deny deductions when neither of the first two rules has collected the top-up.
Side-by-Side source: EY Global Tax News, 9 Jan 2026. Related: zero-tax countries, low corporate tax, best for holding companies and the 2026 tax cheat sheet. Verify any structuring decision with a qualified adviser.
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TaxAtlas is research, not tax or legal advice. Pillar Two compliance is highly technical — in-scope groups should engage specialist advisers and verify against primary sources (OECD GloBE Model Rules, OECD Administrative Guidance, and each jurisdiction’s implementing legislation).