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Estonia Tax Guide

Europe
Last verified June 2026
Sources & verification

Figures on this page were last verified against the cited sources in June 2026. Always check official sources before making a relocation or incorporation decision.

Best for

  • EU residency base

    EU membership = schengen mobility, free movement across the bloc, and EU regulatory protection.

Personal Tax Score
78/100
Tax Friendly
Business Tax Score
88/100
Very Tax Friendly

Personal Income Tax

Tax Residency

Day Threshold
183 days
Note
183 days required for tax residency

Income Tax Rates

Top Marginal Rate
22%
Structure
Flat 22% on all income from 2025. The previously legislated jump to 24% in 2026 was cancelled — rate held at 22% to support growth.

Foreign Income Treatment

System
Worldwide
Details
Estonian residents taxed on worldwide income; foreign tax credits available

Investment Income

Capital Gains
22%
Dividends
0%
Interest
22%

22% on capital gains (rate aligned with personal income tax from 2025)


Wealth & Inheritance

Wealth Tax
No - No wealth tax
Inheritance Tax
No - No inheritance tax

Practical Notes

Digital society. e-Residency program popular for location-independent entrepreneurs. Originally-planned 2% security tax (Julgeolekumaks) on individuals was scrapped before taking effect; corporate side limited to a one-time profit-distribution surcharge being phased out.

Business & Corporate Tax

Corporate Income Tax

Headline Rate
22%
Effective Rate Note
22% on distributed profits only (effective 22/78 = 28.2% on net distribution); retained earnings tax-deferred. The legislated 2026 increase to 24% was cancelled.
Free Zone / Incentives
No specific free zones

Withholding Taxes

Dividends
0%
Interest
0%
Royalties
10%

VAT / GST

Rate
24%
Note
24% VAT from 1 July 2025 (raised from 22% as part of the security-tax package); 22% applied 2024 - mid-2025.

Compliance & Substance

Substance Requirements
Moderate - EU requirements
Compliance Friction
Low - highly digitalized tax system

Notable Regimes

  • Distributed profits tax only
  • No tax on retained earnings
  • e-Residency program

OECD Pillar Two (15% global minimum tax)

Deferred

Estonia elected the EU Directive Article 50 deferral until 2029 (fewer than 12 in-scope groups). Pillar Two rules not yet in effect locally.

See full implementation tracker

Tax Treaty Network

US treatyYes
UK treatyYes
US totalizationNo
Total treaties~65

US-Estonia treaty (1999) in force. No US totalization. Estonia's distributed-profits-only corporate tax coordinates with US treaty for inbound investment.

See full treaty matrix

Data Sources

Last verified: June 2026. Always check official sources before making a decision.

FAQ

What is the personal income tax rate in Estonia?

Estonia has a top personal income tax rate of 22%. The tax structure is: Flat 22% on all income from 2025. The previously legislated jump to 24% in 2026 was cancelled — rate held at 22% to support growth.. See the detailed breakdown above and verify with official sources.

Do I need to pay tax on foreign income in Estonia?

Estonia uses a worldwide system for foreign income. Estonian residents taxed on worldwide income; foreign tax credits available

What are the residency requirements for Estonia?

Tax residency in Estonia generally requires 183 days of physical presence. 183 days required for tax residency. Always verify current rules with official sources.

Is there a wealth tax in Estonia?

No, Estonia does not have a wealth tax. No wealth tax

What is the corporate tax rate in Estonia?

The corporate tax rate in Estonia is 22%. 22% on distributed profits only (effective 22/78 = 28.2% on net distribution); retained earnings tax-deferred. The legislated 2026 increase to 24% was cancelled.

US citizen moving to Estonia? Read this first.

Estonia's mid-range personal tax rate (22%) makes the FEIE-vs-FTC choice less obvious for US citizens.

  • If your earned income is at or below the ~$130k FEIE cap and your local effective rate is low, FEIE may dominate. If income is significantly above the cap, FTC usually wins.
  • Both can be combined on different income streams in the same year, but FEIE once revoked cannot be re-elected for 5 years without IRS consent — choose carefully.
  • Self-employment tax is owed in full — Estonia has no totalization agreement with the US.
  • Investment income (dividends, capital gains): taxed by Estonia at local rates, then FTC offsets the US side.
Read the full US-citizen moving-abroad guide

Need someone to actually plan Estonia for you?

TaxAtlas covers the rates and rules. For the personal side — exit planning, residency strategy, business structure, or filings — request a response and we'll point you to relevant research or a specialist who handles Estonia cases.

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